1. What is suffering?
Life itself is suffering.
Birth, work, sickness, old-age, death – all this is suffering.
2. Where does suffering come from?
Suffering comes from attachment to transitory things, through hate and cupidity. Craving leads to renewed existence.
3. How can suffering be overcome?
Suffering can be overcome by giving up craving and human egoism.
4. By what way can this be achieved?
The answer is a “middle way” – neither indulgence nor asceticism – following the eight-fold path to nirvana.
