Atatürk: Mustafa Kemal Pasha (1881–1938)

• Proclaimed Turkey a republic, earning the name “Atatürk” meaning “father of the Turks”.
• Banished the Sultan and abolished the Caliphate.
• Moved the capital from the Bosporus to Ankara in the heart of Anatolia.

• Separated religion and the state.
• Westernized the administrative and legal systems.
• Westernized education, the writing system and the dress-code.

Paradigm shifts in Islam


The Qur’an

Global Ethic
and Religions

Near-Eastern
Prophetic Religions

ISLAM
The history
• Muhammad
• The message
• Umma, Caliph
• The Qur’an
• The rise
• Division
• The Arab Empire
• The Abbasids
• The Ulama
• The Sufis
• 3 Islamic Empires
• Atatürk

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