Medieval forms of Judaism
• Jews live and practice their religion in social isolation, often self-imposed, in ghettos.
• Rabbis, as experts in the Torah and Talmud, function as legal experts and judges.
• Worship services are held in the Hebrew language.
Modern forms of Judaism
• Jews are legally, socially and politically integrated both as individuals and in their religious community in the modern life of the nation.
• The whole Jewish way of life, from dress to eating habits, is adapted, in various degrees, to modern life.
• Rabbis, now academically trained, function as preachers, pastors, liturgists and educators.
• A reformed Jewish liturgy is celebrated in the language of the people, with preaching and music, and without separation of the sexes.
